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P. P. LAARMAN. SAFETY DEVICE POR. ELBVATOR GAGBS, am. No. 321,303. PatentedJune 30, 1885..

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P. F. LAARMAN.

SAFETY DEVICE FR ELEVATOR GAGES, Sw.

No. 321,303. Pa entedJune 30,` 1885.

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UNTTED STATES PATeNT Ormes.

PETRUS FRANCISCUS LAARMAN, OF AMSTERDAM, HOLLAND.

SAFETY DEVICE FOR ELEVATOR-CAGES, SLC.

.TJFCIFICATIQN forming part of Letters Patent No. 321,303,y dated June 30, 1885.

Application filed June 19. 1884.

.To all 1071/0111, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, PETRUS FRANcIsoUs LAARMAN, of the city of Amsterdan1,Kingdom of Holland, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Safety Apparatus for Cages and Similar Purposes, of which the following is a specification.

The hereinafter-described improvements in arresting devices for cages, lifts, and similar purposes relate to the employment of movable claws, which, assuming an oblique position, immediately arrest the cage if the hoistingrope breaks.

In the accompanying drawings are shown, in Figure 1, aside view of the cage; Fig. 2, a plan of the same; Fig. 3, a detail view of the upper guidingrail; Fig. 4, adetailview of thespring for placing the brake-claws into an oblique position. Fig. 5 shows a cage, preferably cylindrical, such as used, say, for hotel-lifts, Fig. G, a plan of Fig. 5. Figs. 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 show several modifications of the brake-claws, and of the spring device for placing the same in an oblique position. f

In Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, A is theframe ofthe cage, made of iron or wood. On the upper end ot' the frame A there is the guide-rail a, forked at its end, and embraces the guiding-beams or uprights of the timbering of the Well. The rail et has a limited extent of motion in a horizontal direction on the bolt b, so that when the brake action suddenly takes place,or when the claws act, the upper guide may be able to yield to some extent, Figs. 2 and 3. At the lower part of the cage-framing A the brake claws C are mounted so as to rotate around the bolt d in a vertical plane. They form a double lever, one end whereof is forked and embraces the guide-beams or uprights of the timbering of the shaft, while the other end is acted upon by the draw-bar L(/,whioh is drawn downward by a spring, i, of sufficient strength. The chains I.: or ropes upon which the whole cage is suspended are so attached to the eyes m of the brakelclaws C that when the whole apparatus acts correctly the bralreclaws C stand horizontally, so that the'weight of the cage renders the springs z' inoperative. One arm of the bralreclaws C, which, as stated, form two-arnied levers when in their normal position-that is to say,when placed horizon- (No model.)

tally-bears against a striking or abutting piece e, which prevents its further rotation. The brake-claws can, therefore, arrive into an oblique position only if thehoisting ropes or chains bx'ealr,and the weight ofthe load aids in holding the same fast. In no case, however, can the brake-claws turn further during normal working than till they stand in ahorizontal position, as the abutting pieces e obviate this. In the upper part of the cage the chains It, above referred to, are passed over rollers t, united at u, and then att-ached in the well-known manner to the hoisting rope or belt. Now, if the hoisting rope or the chains k break, the brake-claws C immediately assume the inclined position shown in dotted lines in Figs. 1 and 9, and jam the cage against the beam B. That is of importance is, that with the increase in the load the security of the jamming or tightening increases, as the brake-claws C always have the tendency to place themselves obliquely, and consequently to jam themselves the tighter the larger the load is. The spring i, Figs. 1 and 4, must be of such force that the brake-claws C at once assume an oblique position when the rope or the chains k break, and thus grip. It is advantageous to provide the lower side of the cage, also, with a separate guide-raihwhich may be of a construction analogous to that shown in Fig. 3 and marked a, so that the brakeclaws in the present instance,serving as guides for the cage, may not have too much work thrown upon them and not wear so soon.

The cage represented in Figs. 5 and 6 is analogous in construction with thatshown in Figs.

v1 and 2, only the framing A is made of circular shape in plan, and the brakeclaws O' are so made that each embraces a tube or rod of circular cross-section,]3,which serve as guides to the cage. a is a forked guide-rail on the upper end of the cage A. In this arrangement the brake-claws are forced to assume their oblique position, when the rope breaks, by spiral springs w, Figs. 5 and 7. In Fig. S

the spring for placing thebrakeclaws in their oblique position is replaced by a weight, G, placed on an extension of the brake-claws. Figs. 9 and 10 show the details of brake-claw C2 for a beam, B2, of rectangular shape, an'l represent these claws both in operation and IOO inactive. Lastly, Fig. 11 shows how the spring is replaced by an india-rubber buffer, It. In all cases the operation of the bufferclaws is the same, as by their assuming an oblique position the cage is securely jammed.

I claiml. In arresting devices for the cages of hoists and the like, the combination, with the uprights, of the cage suitably sustained and provided at its top or bottom with a guide-rail, a pivoted brake-lever having one of its arms embracing an upright, and its other arm attached to a suspending cord or chain, an arrestingstop therefor, and springs, Weights, or elastic bui-'fers for forcing the said lever to grip the upright when operated, substantially as described.

2. In arresting devices for the cages ofhoists and the like, the combination, with the uprights, of the cage suitably sustained, aguide- Y rail secured across the top or bottom of the cage and capable of limited movement horizontally, the brake-lever embracing the upright at one end and pivoted and connected otherwise, as described, and Weights or springs for causing said brake to grip the upright when operated, substantially as set forth.

3. In arresting devices for hoists and the like, the combination, with the cage guided between uprights and suitably sustained by ropes or chains, of brake-levers pivoted to the bottom of the cage at opposite sides, one arm thereof being formed to embrace the uprights and the other formed with eyes in which the suspending chains are secured, an arrestingstop for maintaining such levers horizontal, normally, draw-bars depending from the outer ends of said levers, and a spring connecting such bars, whereby on breakage of the chains the levers are made to grip the uprights, substantially as described and shown.

4. In arresting devices for elevators, hoists, and the like, the combination, With the cage, of the brake-claws C or C, springs i or x, and Weights or buffers G R, substantially as described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

PETRUS FRANCISC US LAARMAN.

Witnesses:

M. S. BENNER, .Toi-IN R. RosLYN. 

